نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
دانشجوی دکتری جامعه شناسی دانشگاه تهران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسنده [English]
This essay is Reflecting on the novel genre in general and the Persian novel of the 1340s in particular, this essay intends to evaluate the relationship between the two according to the internal logic of the novel genre from Bakhtin's point of view. Therefore, at the beginning, by reflecting on the problem of the novel and its possibilities, we go through a path that shows concepts such as: "epic-novel", "continuity", "chromotrope" and "ending" in the utterance novel, which shows an independent world for the novel. A new and forward-looking world that contains the concept of movement and infinity. The genre of the novel and its storied world is a creation of a complex and intertwined relationship of various different elements, such as: the real world as a source of representation, the world of representation of the literary work, the author and the audience in different times and places that They can be called as the continuation of the novel. This issue in the novel shows that language and different consciousness in a novel is not a neutral issue; Rather, there is a continuity that imagines everything in a real, integrated and unfinished historical world, which is distinguished from the world represented in the text by a definite and definite distance. Such a pattern is always related to historical time; In this sense, every voice or consciousness responds to the statements before it and semantic patterns and awareness before it and always waits for an answer. The expectation that takes the form of Bakhtin's language: the novel has a kind of indeterminacy and unfulfilledness within it, which creates an endless present by creating a dynamic relationship with the unfinished and still evolving contemporary reality.
The study of this research is based on some specific Persian novels in the 1340s, such as: " Showhar-e Ahou Khanom" by Afghani, " Savushun" by Simin Daneshvar, and " Hamsayeh-ha" by Ahmad Mahmoud; The different semantic aspects of these novels become important for us in various socio-historical contexts. In this way, the meaning of a text finds different directions from one context to another, from one social condition to another, and from one generation to another. These different directions find meaning for us in the ending and how these novels end. Therefore, according to the aspects of the form that we formulated at the end of these novels, we realize that the concept of movement as one of the most important characteristics of the genre of the novel, which is combined with the concepts of infinity and indeterminacy and the ending is in an endless now, at the end of these novels it turns into stillness. This issue is related to the real social-historical context which is considered as the source of storied representation of these novels, to the social context in which the mentioned novels narrate the narrative of this representation and after that they are read in different times it is a reminder of the repetition of specific historical patterns in different clothes in a given and determined circle, which do not indicate extrication, salvation and metamorphosis, nor do they have the ability to draw a new and future world. In this way, if we consider the story of Seyed Miran, Zari and Khaled as an allegory of a social-historical period, the world represented by the These novels in the 1340s shows the ending of movement, return and stillness that is shown at the end of the novel. ending and a return that perpetuates the ending of consciousness and a certain voice in the unfinished contemporary history. The continuity of this novel from the real world as the source of its representation to what it represents in the 1340s, and the re-creation and reconstruction that is always done by its audience in the unfinished contemporary history, ending the movement, returning and standing at a point; It will be safe and complete.
کلیدواژهها [English]
Aristotle. (2017), Poetics, translated By Abdolhossein Zarrinkoob. Tehran Amir Kabir Publishers. (In Persian).
Ali Mohammad Afghani. (1961), Showhar-e Ahou Khanom. Tehran Amir Kabir Publishers. (In Persian).
Amiri Nader. (2021), Collective Memory and Narrative Emphasising on History-oriented novel and A glance at
Persian Novel in 1960s. Tehran Negahemoaser Publishers. (In Persian).
Bakhtin, Mikhail, M (2011), The dialogic imagination, translated By Roya Puor Azar Nashr-e Ney. (In Persian).
Bakhtin, Mikhail, M (2016), Problems of Dostoevsky's Poetics, translated By Nasraleh Moradiani Hekmatkalameh Publishers. (In Persian).
Dostoevsky, Fyodor (2005) The Brothers Karamazov, translated By Saleh Hosseini Nahid Publishers. (In Persian).
Dostoevsky, Fyodor (2014) Crime and Punishment, translated By Mehri Ahi. Tehran Khaarazmi Publishers. (In Persian).
Dostoevsky, Fyodor (2017) Bobok, translated By Rahmat Allahi. Tehran Elmifarhangi Publishers. (In Persian).
Daneshvar,Simin(2013) Savushun, Tehran Khaarazmi Publishers. (In Persian).
Golshiri, Houshang (2013) The conflict between the role and the painter in the works of Simin Daneshvar, Tehran Niloofar Publishers. (In Persian).
Koyré, Alexandre (2017) From the Closed World to the Infinite Universe, translated By Alireza Shomali Tehran Negahemoaser Publishers. (In Persian).
Lukács,György(2013)The theory of the novel, translated By Hassan Mortazavi, Ashian Publishers. (In Persian).
Lukács,György(2009)Soul and Form, translated By Reza Rezaei, Tehran Mahi Publishers. (In Persian).
Marx, Karl (2007) the Manifesto of the Communist Party, translated By Hassan Mortazavi, Agah Publishers. (In Persian).
Marx, Karl (2011) The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte translated By Bagher Parham, Markaz Publishers. (In Persian).
Mahmoud, Ahmad (1978) Hamsayeh-ha, Tehran Amir Kabir Publishers. (In Persian).
Sophocles (2006) Oedipus & Antigone, translated By Shahrokh Meskoob. Tehran Khaarazmi Publishers. (In Persian).
Seed, David (2003) James Joyces A portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, translated By Manouchehr badiei . Tehran Rozenga Publishers. (In Persian).
Todorov, Tzvetan (2014), Mikhail Bakhtin: The Dialogical Principle, translated By Dariush Karimi. Tehran Markaz
)